Andalee
Basic information
Sample name: Andalee
Reference: J. E. Kalb, M. Jaegar, C. J. Jolly, and B. Kana. 1982. Preliminary geology, paleontology and paleoecology of a Sangoan site at Andalee, Middle Awash Valley, Ethiopia. Journal of Archaeological Science 9(4):349-363 [ER 3841]
Geography
Country: Ethiopia
State: Hararghe
Coordinate: 10° 54' N, 40° 28' E
Coordinate basis: stated in text
Time interval: Middle Pleistocene
Max Ma: 0.15
Age basis: other
Geography comments: from five specific localities within an area approximately 1 km across "in the Middle Awash Valley, in the extreme northwestern corner of Hararghe Province... 1.5 km east of the Awash River"
"late Middle Pleistocene" based on faunal composition and "Sangoan" within the "Late Acheulian" based on the stone tools
placed by Kalb et al. (1982, JVP) within the Lower Andalee Member of the upper Wehaietu Formation, apparently just below the middle-late Pleistocene boundary, and the entire member is estimated to be within the "late Middle to late Pleistocene (c. 150,000-100,000 yrs.)"
because the fauna itself is Middle Pleistocene, a maximum of 150 kybp is assumed but the minimum is not used
"late Middle Pleistocene" based on faunal composition and "Sangoan" within the "Late Acheulian" based on the stone tools
placed by Kalb et al. (1982, JVP) within the Lower Andalee Member of the upper Wehaietu Formation, apparently just below the middle-late Pleistocene boundary, and the entire member is estimated to be within the "late Middle to late Pleistocene (c. 150,000-100,000 yrs.)"
because the fauna itself is Middle Pleistocene, a maximum of 150 kybp is assumed but the minimum is not used
Environment
Lithology: siliciclastic (mixed)
Taphonomic context: fluvial deposit
Archaeology: stone tools
Habitat comments: from an interval of less than 10 m within a "50-55 m thick" section of "fluvial sediments" ranging from "massive clays, silts and fine sands" to from channel fills and overbank deposits to "coarse sands, calcareous sandstones, and fine to coarse pebble conglomerates" from open channels and point bars
the fossils are specifically from clays, silts, and sands
a "rich stone tool assemblage is associated with the fossils"
the fossils are specifically from clays, silts, and sands
a "rich stone tool assemblage is associated with the fossils"
Methods
Life forms: carnivores,primates,rodents,ungulates,birds,lizards,snakes,other reptiles,frogs
Sampling methods: surface
Sample size: 440 specimens
Years: 1975, 1976
Sampling comments: all of the material was surface-collected
Metadata
Sample number: 4197
Contributor: John Alroy
Enterer: John Alroy
Created: 2023-04-06 21:36:03
Modified: 2023-04-06 11:36:03
Abundance distribution
25 species
6 singletons
total count 440
geometric series index: 38.7
Fisher's α: 5.745
geometric series k: 0.8283
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.8794
Shannon's H: 2.4440
Good's u: 0.9864
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
| Cercopithecus sp. | 35 | |
| Colobini indet. | 58 | |
| "Colobus sp." | ||
| †Theropithecus oswaldi | 7 | |
| affiliated with subspecies leakeyi | ||
| Murinae indet. | 92 | |
| two species | ||
| Gerbillinae indet. | 16 | |
| Dendromurinae indet. | 1 | |
| compared to | ||
| Hystrix sp. | 1 | |
| Thryonomys sp. | 11 | |
| Tragelaphus cf. scriptus | 77 | 31 kg browser-grazer |
| Antilopini indet. | 10 | |
| "Gazella sp." | ||
| Redunca cf. redunca | 19 | 44 kg grazer |
| Pelorovis sp. | 6 | |
| compared to | ||
| Alcelaphini indet. | 2 | |
| Aepyceros sp. | 2 | |
| †Giraffa cf. jumae | 4 | |
| Kolpochoerus sp. | 53 | |
| Lutrinae indet. | 10 | |
| Hyaenidae indet. | 4 | |
| Canidae indet. | 4 | |
| Equus sp. | 4 | |
| Crocodylus sp. | 1 | |
| Squamata indet. | 1 | |
| "Lacertilia" | ||
| Serpentes indet. | 20 | |
| "Ophidia" | ||
| Anura indet. | 1 | |
| Aves indet. | 1 | |